Jul 18 / DR. JASON AMPEL

TExES Science 4–8 (116): Overview & Preparation Tips 2025

The Texas Examinations of Educator Standards (TExES) are a set of tests administered by the Texas Education Agency (TEA). These exams help ensure that aspiring teachers in Texas are well qualified to teach.

One of these tests is the TExES Science 4–8 (116), which is required for those who want to teach science to students in grades 4 to 8.

Having well-prepared and certified teachers is important for student success. When teachers pass the TExES, it shows they are ready to teach with confidence and meet Texas's high standards for education. 

There is a growing demand for skilled STEM subjects teachers. In Texas, middle school science teachers often enjoy steady job opportunities, competitive salaries, and additional incentives in some school districts for teaching high-need subjects.

In this guide, we’ll help you prepare for the TExES Science 4–8 (116) exam. You’ll learn what the test covers, how to register, how it’s scored, and how to study for success.

What is the TExES Science 4-8 (116) Test?

The TExES Science 4–8 (116) test is an exam used in the state of Texas to assess whether a person has the competency needed to teach science to students in grades 4 to 8. 

The Texas Examinations of Educator Standards (TExES) are a series of tests for future teachers. They were developed by the Texas Education Agency (TEA) to ensure that all educators in the state meet the required teaching standards.

This specific test is designed for those who want to become certified to teach science in middle school. It covers a wide range of science topics, including physical science, life science, Earth and space science, and more.

The exam evaluates your understanding of science content as well as your ability to teach these concepts in a classroom.

Once you pass the TExES Science 4–8 (116) exam and you meet all other certification requirements, you will be qualified to teach science in public schools from 4th to 8th grade.

Who Needs to Take the TExES Science 4–8 (116)?

Anyone seeking certification to teach science in grades 4-8 in Texas public schools must pass the TExES Science 4–8 (116). It demonstrates that you have the science knowledge and the teaching skills needed for this grade range.

Out‑of‑state teachers seeking Texas certification must also take and pass the TExES 4–8 Science (116) exam. This includes those who hold teaching credentials elsewhere.

If you're entering the teaching profession in Texas through an alternative certification program, you'll need to pass this exam as part of earning your teaching certificate.

Even current teachers in Texas who hold general certification but wish to add the 4–8 Science subject to their credentials must take this exam to satisfy the state’s content-area requirement.

TExES Science 4–8 (116)Exam Format and Structure

The TExES Science 4–8 (116) exam is a computer-administered test designed to measure your understanding of key science content and teaching practices. 

The exam consists of approximately 100 selected-response questions. The time allocated to complete the exam is 5 hours.

The TExES Science 4–8 (116) exam is divided into five main domains:

I.    Scientific Inquiry and Processes (22%): Focuses on the scientific method, lab safety, and how science connects to the real world.
II.    Physical Science (22%): Covers core concepts like energy, motion, matter, and basic chemistry.
III.    Life Science (22%): Involves the study of living things, including cells, body systems, genetics, and ecosystems.
IV.    Earth and Space Science (22%): Includes topics such as weather, geology, natural resources, and space.
V.    Science Learning, Instruction, and Assessment (13%): Emphasizes how to teach science effectively and assess student understanding.

Each domain tests knowledge needed to teach science in grades 4–8. In the next section, we’ll explore what each one includes in more detail.

TExES 116 Exam Content Breakdown With Examples

The TExES Science 4–8 (116) exam is divided into five key domains, each representing major areas of science knowledge and teaching skills that future educators are expected to master. 

In the sections below, we take a closer look at what each domain covers, what candidates need to know, and provide a sample question to help illustrate the kind of thinking and understanding the exam requires.

Domain I: Scientific Inquiry and Processes

This domain tests how well a future teacher understands the foundations of scientific thinking and safe classroom practices. 

It focuses on how science is taught, investigated, and connected to everyday life. 

You are expected to know:

  •    The safety rules for using lab tools, materials, living organisms, and chemicals, and how to store, handle, and dispose of them properly.
  •    How to choose and safely use the right tools, equipment, and technology for science activities and experiments.
  •    How to measure accurately, convert units, and record and present data clearly using graphs, charts, or written reports.
  •    How to plan, conduct, and explain results from different types of investigations while recognizing possible errors and the need for repeated trials.
  •    How science connects to daily life and how it helps people make informed personal, social, and environmental decisions.


Sample question:

Which of the following substances would be the most appropriate and safe to use during a hands-on science activity with fourth-grade students?

A. Baking soda
B. Concentrated vinegar
C. Rubbing alcohol
D. Drain cleaner

Correct Answer: A. Baking soda

Domain II: Physical Science

This domain tests your understanding of key physical science concepts, including motion, matter, energy, and how they interact. 

It also covers how these ideas apply in everyday life, technology, and natural systems.

What you need to know:

  •    Understand the basic forces of nature, motion, and how to apply Newton’s laws in real-life situations like machines or natural movement.
  •    Know the physical and chemical properties of matter, the structure of atoms, and how substances interact during physical or chemical changes.
  •    Understand different forms of energy, energy transfers, and the law of conservation of matter and energy in systems like food chains, circuits, and the water cycle.


Sample Question:

A student places a metal spoon in a cup of hot tea. After a few minutes, the spoon becomes warm. Which type of energy transfer is being demonstrated?

A. Radiation
B. Conduction
C. Reflection
D. Insulation

Correct Answer: B. Conduction

Domain III: Life Science

This domain focuses on living organisms, how they function, reproduce, adapt, and interact with their environment. It includes understanding cells, body systems, genetics, evolution, and ecosystems.

You will be tested on the following:

  •    The structure and function of cells, organs, and body systems, and how living things get and use energy.
  •    How traits are inherited, how genes work, and how reproduction and genetic factors affect organisms.
  •    How species adapt, evolve, and interact with their environment through food webs, population changes, and ecosystem dynamics.


Sample question:

In animal cells, which structure is primarily responsible for converting nutrients into usable energy?

A. Endoplasmic reticulum
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Lysosome

Correct Answer: C. Mitochondrion

Domain IV: Earth and Space Science

This domain covers the structure, systems, and natural processes of the Earth and space. It focuses on Earth’s layers, weather, climate, natural cycles, the solar system, and how these systems change over time due to both natural forces and human activity.

You are expected to:

  •    Understand Earth’s structure, surface processes, water systems, and how human and natural events shape the environment.
  •    Know how Earth cycles work, such as the water, rock, and carbon cycles, and how these cycles interact with weather and climate systems.
  •    Be familiar with the solar system, the Earth-moon-sun relationship, and the history and evolution of Earth based on scientific evidence like fossils and tectonic activity.


Sample Question:

Which of the following rocks is formed from cooled molten material?

A. Sandstone
B. Marble
C. Basalt
D. Gypsum

Correct Answer: C. Basalt

Domain V: Science Learning, Instruction, and Assessment

This domain focuses on how students learn science, how to teach it effectively, and how to assess student understanding. It includes planning inclusive instruction, promoting inquiry-based learning, and using various assessments to guide teaching.

You need to demonstrate that you:                  

  •    Understand how to design lessons based on students’ backgrounds, learning needs, and common science misconceptions.
  •    Know how to guide students through scientific investigations, encourage critical thinking, and support inquiry using appropriate tools and methods.
  •    Can choose and use a variety of assessments to monitor progress, provide feedback, and inform instruction in the science classroom.


Sample question:

Which of the following statements best represents a common student misconception in science?

A. The sun appears to move across the sky because the Earth rotates.
B. Water can exist in solid, liquid, and gas forms.
C. Heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones, even without air resistance.
D. Plants use sunlight to make their own food through photosynthesis.

Correct Answer: C. Heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones, even without air resistance

TExES Science 4–8 (116) Exam Registration

To take the TExES Science 4–8 (116) exam, you must complete your registration through the official website. The exam costs $116.

Registration and payment are done online, and you can use a credit or debit card to pay the fee. 

Once registered, you can schedule your exam at one of the Pearson testing centers available across Texas.

Because test dates and seating can fill up quickly, we suggest you register as early as possible to ensure you get your preferred testing date and location.

Exam Scoring System

The TExES Science 4–8 (116) exam is scored on a scale ranging from 100 to 300. To pass the exam, you must earn a minimum score of 240.

Each question you answer correctly adds to your total score, while incorrect answers do not count against you. This means it’s better to make an educated guess than to leave a question blank.

Once you complete the test, your results are reviewed and processed. In most cases, your score report is available within 7–10 business days after your test date. The report will show whether you passed and how well you performed in each domain.

Retake: If you don’t pass the TExES Science 4–8 (116) exam on your first attempt, you are allowed to retake it up to four times. A 30-day waiting period is required between each attempt.

Each retake requires you to register again and pay the full exam fee.

Exam Time Management and Test-Taking Strategies

Good time management and smart test-taking strategies can greatly improve your performance on exam day. With limited time and many questions to answer, it’s important to approach the test with a clear plan. Here are some useful tips to keep in mind:

  •    Read each question carefully to understand exactly what is being asked before you answer.
  •    Don’t get stuck too long on one question. Skip it and come back later if needed.
  •    Pace yourself by keeping an eye on the clock and dividing your time evenly across all questions or sections.
  •    Answer every question since there’s no penalty for guessing. Make your best choice even if you're unsure.
  •    Practice with timed tests before exam day to build confidence and improve your speed.
  •    Stay calm and focused, and take deep breaths if you feel overwhelmed. Trust in your preparation.

Effective Study Tips for the TExES Science 4–8 (116) Exam

Passing the TExES Science 4–8 exam is a major milestone toward becoming a certified middle school science teacher in Texas. A passing score moves you closer to your teaching goals and also saves you time, stress, and the cost of a retake. 

Because the exam covers a wide range of science topics and teaching skills, preparing adequately is very important.

Success on this exam requires a focused, consistent study plan that helps you truly understand the content. The following tips are designed to guide you through that process and help you study smarter.

Understand Your Learning Style

Before you begin, think about how you learn best. Some people absorb information better through visuals like charts and diagrams, while others prefer reading, listening, or hands-on activities. 

Knowing your learning style helps you choose study materials that actually work for you and make studying feel less overwhelming.

Create a Study Plan

Plan your study time early. A solid timeline, ideally over four to eight weeks gives you space to learn each topic without rushing. Use a calendar or planner to block out your study sessions, making sure to rotate between topics to keep things interesting.

Make each study session count by having a clear goal. This might be reviewing one domain, going through a set of flashcards, or completing a short quiz. 

Check in with yourself at the end of each week. If you’re falling behind or one area feels too difficult, adjust your plan to focus more on that.

Use a Mix of Study Tools

Combining different study materials keeps you engaged and helps you understand content in different ways. Alongside textbooks or review guides, you might find it helpful to use:

  •    Flashcards for quick facts and definitions
  •    Video lessons for complex concepts
  •    Online quizzes or practice questions to test understanding
  •    Study groups or discussion forums to talk through difficult topics


Mixing your materials prevents burnout and can deepen your understanding.

Take Full-Length Practice Tests

Practice exams help you prepare for both the content and the timing of the real test. Take at least one or two full-length tests under timed conditions to get a feel for the pace. 

After each test, spend time reviewing the questions you got wrong. Understanding why you missed them is just as important as getting the right answers.

As you review, note which domains or question types are giving you the most trouble. Then, go back and review those areas in more detail.

Consider Professional Support

If you're feeling stuck or need structure, you might benefit from joining an online prep course. Platforms like The Learning Liaisons offer online, self-paced prep courses led by expert educators who specialize in helping future teachers pass their certification exams. 

Their TExES Science 4–8 (116) course includes engaging video lessons, real exam strategies, practice questions, and detailed feedback. You’ll also find content that breaks down difficult science concepts in a way that’s easy to understand.

If you're serious about passing on your first attempt, enrolling in a course with The Learning Liaisons can give you the structure and support to succeed.

Test Day Tips

It’s completely normal to feel nervous before a big exam. After weeks of studying, the pressure to perform well can feel overwhelming. 

But stress doesn’t have to take over your test day. A calm mind, a prepared body, and an understanding of what to expect will help you stay focused and confident.

To manage stress and show up at your best, keep these simple tips in mind:

  •    Get a full night’s sleep before the exam so you’re alert and thinking clearly.
  •    Eat a balanced meal. Avoid too much sugar or caffeine, which could cause energy crashes.
  •    Avoid alcohol or unfamiliar substances in the days before the test.
  •    Use calming techniques like deep breathing, stretching, or a short walk before entering the test room.
  •    Arrive at the test center at least 30 minutes early to allow time for check-in.
  •    Bring a valid, unexpired photo ID and your exam registration confirmation.
  •    Leave personal items like phones, watches, and notes at home or place them in designated lockers at the center.
  •    Review testing policies in advance, including breaks and what materials are allowed.
  •    If you're testing remotely, test your equipment ahead of time and make sure your room is quiet, well-lit, and free of distractions.

Recommended Resources

Here are some reliable resources to help you prepare effectively for the TExES Science 4–8 (116) exam:

One Step Closer to Your Dream Career

The TExES Science 4–8 (116) exam is a mandatory step toward becoming a certified middle school science teacher in Texas. It shows that you’re well-equipped to guide and inspire young learners in the classroom. 

It’s important to create a solid study plan, practice regularly, and use the best resources available. In this guide, we’ve shared trusted tools, strategies, and expert tips to support you in your preparations.

Use what you’ve learned here, stay consistent in your study efforts, and walk into the exam with confidence.